Aug 26, 2009, 7:05 GMT
Washington - US Senator Edward 'Ted' Kennedy, the liberal lion hailed as one of the country's most effective lawmakers ever and the first important Democrat to challenge President George W Bush over the Iraq war, died of brain cancer late Tuesday.
A file photograph dated 15 June 2007, shows U.S. Senator Edward Kennedy (Democrat- Massachusetts) at the National Hispanic Prayer Breakfast in Washington, D.C. USA. US Senator Edward Kennedy has died at 77 after battling brain cancer, US news reports said on 26 August 2009. His family released a statement announcing his death late 25 August 2009 at his home in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts. EPA/STEFAN ZAKLIN
After seeing two high profile brothers, including a president, assassinated in the 1960s, Kennedy served as a senator since 1962, and is credited with pushing through major milestones in social, civil and voting rights legislation that protected the disenfranchised and advocated for the elderly, disabled, immigrants and workers.
But despite his popularity and high standing, the White House always remained out of reach. Kennedy's reputation as a party reveller and the scandal known as Chappaquiddick always stood between him and the presidency.
The revelation in May 2008 that he had a serious form of brain cancer sent tears and a stunned silence across the US Congress, where his laughter, kidding and consistent interest in the personal welfare of his colleagues once dominated the corridors.
Outside medical experts expressed sobering prospects for recovery from the malignant glioma tumor in the then-76-year-old senator's left parietal lobe.
But many of Kennedy's colleagues were upbeat, believing that the man who fought so hard for legislation would overcome this challenge, too.
'He's a strong guy, with a great heart,' said Senator Chris Dodd, a fellow Democrat from Connecticut, a neighbouring state to Kennedy's native Massachusetts.
US President Barack Obama, the country's first president who received a strong, early endorsement from Kennedy, said after learning of his illness in 2008 that he 'would not be sitting here as a presidential candidate had it not been for the battles Ted Kennedy has fought.'
'I stand on his shoulders,' Obama said.
Edward Moore 'Ted' Kennedy, born February 22, 1932, in Brookline, Massachusetts, was the youngest of nine children born to Joseph and Rose Kennedy. The family is recognized as one of the oldest, richest and most influential families in the US.
His death followed shortly after that of his older sister Eunice, who died at age 88 on August 11. The only surviving sibling of the Camelot Kennedy generation is Jean, 81, a former US Ambassador to Ireland.
After studying law at Harvard University, Ted Kennedy went rapidly into politics and was elected to the US Senate in 1962, where he took the seat vacated by his brother, President John F Kennedy, who had entered the White House in 1961.
Viewed in the context of history, Ted Kennedy had more influence on US politics than either of his famous brothers. President Kennedy was assassinated in the third year of his presidency in 1963. Robert Kennedy, who served as JFK's attorney general, was shot dead while campaigning for the presidency in the tumultuous year of 1968 that also saw civil rights hero Martin Luther King assassinated.
The oldest of the Kennedy siblings, Joseph, was a pilot killed in World War II. Ted Kennedy himself narrowly escaped death in 1964, when a small plane crash killed the pilot and one of his aides on board.
Despite his serious role as a powerful senator, Kennedy was dogged by scandal in his private life. His reputation for drinking and enjoying good food was a favourite target for late-night television comedians.
The scandal arose from a car accident in July 1969 on the island of Chappaquiddick off Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts, the elite resort area. After leaving a party with a woman who was not his wife, Kennedy lost control of his car, which went off a bridge and into a river. Kennedy was uninjured, but the woman, Mary Jo Kopechne, 29, drowned.
Kennedy claims he dived in to find her. But then he inexplicably went away and waited 10 hours before reporting the accident to police.
He pleaded guilty to a charge of leaving the scene of an accident after causing injury, and received a sentence of two months in jail, which was suspended - an outcome that stirred public outrage and raised suspicion that the family used political connections to protect him from more serious charges .
The voters of Massachusetts forgave him, sending him back for his eighth term in 2006.
But in 1980 when he attempted to challenge incumbent President Jimmy Carter for the Democratic Party nomination, he quickly recognized that the burdens of his past gave him little chance, and he gave up his effort.
'It is the fate of Ted Kennedy that his failures outside the Senate have always drawn more public attention than his successes inside it,' Time magazine wrote in 2000.
Time went on to say that while millions of Americans knew about Chappaquiddick, they didn't know about his contributions to programmes benefiting the handicapped, the elderly and young people that have changed 'the lives of far more Americans than remember the name Mary Jo Kopechne.'
Kennedy, a Roman Catholic, was married to his second wife and has three children from his first marriage.
Kennedy became the first important Democrat to openly accuse US President George W Bush of justifying the Iraq war through deceit and to describe the war as Bush's Vietnam.
He succeeded as a legislator by working with centre-right Republicans on many major pieces of legislation - including with President George W Bush to pass the 'No Child Left Behind' education law in 2001.
Senator John McCain, the presumptive Republican presidential nominee, has called Kennedy the 'last lion in the Senate' and 'the single most effective member of the senate.'
He was a graduate of Harvard University and the University of Virginia Law School.
He made his home in Hyannisport, with his second wife Victoria Reggie Kennedy, and her children from a previous marriage, Curran and Caroline Raclin. He had three other children with his ex-wife Joan - Kara, Edward Jr and Patrick.
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